Compensation Practices and Employee Attributions †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Compensation Practices and Employee Attributions. Answer: Introduction: Telus is a telecommunication company which offers telecom products and services. The company is one of the largest telecommunication companies in Canada with its head office located in Alberta. It has five branches spread across the provinces. In 2001, the company was incorporated and registered as a trademark and its main focus was to pursue opportunities in the operating systems in the telecommunication but in recent years it expanded its line to producing mobile phones. There is high competition among the various brands that produce and sell software and phones. However, Telus has invested in offering high quality products; develop greater human asset and having a customer intimacy model in place which has allowed the company maintains its competitive edge. Dominance in the market has seen the company scale into greater heights regarding financial performance. The market for telecom products is very huge because there is an unstoppable growth of the industry. The operating system technology targets two segments, tier 2 and tier 3 telecom operators. The market for phones is estimated to grow by 70% in the next two years. The number of employees has been increasing since the incorporation of the company in 2001, the majority being male though there has been a need for hiring more women in recent years. The workforce is of different age groups, but the majority are millennials who have the skills and who the company believes are very innovative. These employees have demand for a good compensation package that will motivate them to be productive. The company uses some resources to create output which contribute to its success. They include; People and skills. The software experts are trained on a regular basis for them to be competent in their research and managing the information system. Storage whereby the information system provides a wide storage of data compared to those offered by competitors. Minimal costs are incurred in preparing ,sharing data and injecting secondary data making it easily accessible to users. The information system is supported by over 80% networks across the globe. This has made it to be preffered by users boosting sales. Change Factors As business keeps on changing, the approach to compensation should change as well. There is no flexibility in compensating employees based on position. Establishment of a total reward package that focuses on rewarding skills and performance has been at the top of the human resource department agendas which has to be attained. This will promote employee ownership. In coming up with this package, there are some factors that determine the policy choices in compensation. These factors include; Employees wanting to belong to a particular labor union will affect compensation because the union dictates the minimum compensation package for its employees. They will be forced to give in to the pressure of labor representatives in determining and changing the pay scales. Labor groups lobby together their grievances and concern to address the government to make the government respond quickly to their burning issues. Changes in the economic conditions also affect the reward package of employees. Salaries are different in an economy under depression and when it is booming. In case of a depressed economy supply of labor may increase resulting in low rates. Depression in the economy expose the company to risk of lowering profits, and this is a major concern to the management which requires prompt action. The demand and supply for human resource affect the fixation of compensation packages for employees. When the supply exceeds the demand, a low wage may be fixed, and the vice versa is true. The productivity of labor has risen due to improved technology making it possible for employees to be rewarded through piece rates (Gatewood Barrick, 2015). The proper understanding of the labor market by the company helps in strategy designing when it comes to exploiting new opportunities in the market. The recruitment of the right personnel acts as a boost for the company, and this greatly helps in offering the right product and first class customer care services by the company. Employee turnover rate High employee turnover hurts the company as it will have to incur more costs in finding replacements. In order to reduce the turnover, the company will be forced to set compensation package and benefits which will motivate the employees to continue working towards the success of the company. (Alam Rubel, 2014). High employee turnover means that the company is on the verge of failure in its endeavor to exploit and meet market opportunities in the right manner. This is a factor that may cause changes in the reward system of the company since the company will also want to offer competitive compensation packages in order to maintain its dominance in the market (Asibanjo Heirsmac, 2014). If competitors offer high salaries to its employees, the company has to offer best commissions, benefits, and bonuses to retain the workforce. This factor, however, is not likely to affect the company because the reward package offers employees a benefit and bonuses. Stiff competition from competing firms that offer bumper salaries to their personnel forces the company to remunerate their staff well so as to encourage talent and skills retention. Based on the variables mentioned above, Telus Company adopted compensation strategy based on performance pay for great performance rewards the best performance and not mediocre work. Hence performance is to be evaluated and measured on a regular basis, and a clear appraisal method has been developed for employees to understand the criteria clearly (Lu et al., 2014). Individuals are offered bonuses based on attainment of their goals. In addition, reward is also tied to companys profits where 20% is shared among the workforce. The company offers stock options to employees where they are allowed to purchase company shares for a specific price during a specified duration. This compensation strategy has seen the company maintain its competitive advantage leading in the telecommunications sector. This is because employees get to control their performance and a slight difference in performance is easily identifiable. Compensation analysis: Gupta Shaw (2014) opined that the overarching term compensation is the kind of strategy formed by business experts in order to motivate the employees for getting good performances. Employees while providing services have to face immense challenges in satisfying the needs and demands of the customers. Compensation and benefit is the systematic strategy for motivating employees towards services. Controlling the performance level of employees has major significance. Telus being one of the most recognizable telecommunication brands of Canada has implemented several compensation strategy and policy based on which employees tend to show their best services. Telus in order to run the business effectively has implement performance pay, quality bonus, rewards and recognition and so on. With the rapid progress of globalization the rage of target customers are increasing day by day. As opined by Anitha (2014), employees have to provide services beyond going the shift hour. Therefore, Telus bus iness experts in order to give an effective compensation to the employees have decided to provide performance pay. The performance pay structure implies that after meeting the allocated target employees would get a certain amount of money. As a result, employees by anyhow intends to fulfill the allocated target so that they can achieve performance pay. Moreover, after crossing estimated target the people are able to get additional incentives. In quest of delivering good production employees sometimes forget to maintain quality of services. In order to overcome this kind of issues Telus business experts have decided to implement quality bonus. Based on the quality of productivity the employees are able to achieve quality bonus. Pan (2015) opined that the concept of performance pay, quality bonus is not effective in maintaining work life balance of the employees. As a result, large number of employees has to face immense health issues. In case of avoiding health issues organization like Telus has decided to follow health and safety act at the workplace. By implementing this very specific act, business experts tend to take the responsibility of employees who face any kind of health issue at the workplace. These kinds of compensation facilities enable the employees in availing overtimes and maintaining flexible work hour. Samnani and S ingh (2014) stated that structural behavior is the concept with the help of which employees have to maintain specific organizational structure while being associated with an organization. Structural behavior is constituted with several components including organizational behavior, organizational culture and organizational ethics. Long and Perumal (2014) stated that every business organization is constituted with specific structure. Employees being a part of this organization have to follow this structure in order to maintain discipline. Business experts of Telus tends to maintain effective communication with the employees in order to motivate the employees for maintaining structural behavior. Contextual variables and structural variables: Contextual variables signify a transitory factor that involved the setting in which an interaction occurs. Contextual variable is constituted with several components including task environment, business strategy, organizational size, organizational workforce and technology. Telus has appointed huge number of workforce by giving a flexible work environment so that employees tend to perform well towards the services. On the other hand, organization should follow proper organization structure to give a feasible work environment. Structural variable includes decision making and leadership, control system, communication and information, reward system and job design. Telus tends to follow a specific management hierarchy in order to control the entire process of business in the global market. As per the managerial policy of Telus, business managers follow participative leadership style at the workplace. Participative leadership style enables the employees in sharing their own views and thoughts to the managers. As a result employees get motivation in performing well towards business services (Noe et al., 2014). Managers of Telus on the other hand do not wish to impose their own decision on the employees. As a result, both the managers and the employees can maintain an effective communication with each other. Employees do not show their reluctant attitude in maintaining this rules and regulations. As per the management system of Telus, business experts tend to follow proper business ethics. Employees from various geographical backgrounds and attitudes tend to get equal priority and response (Bal and De Lange 2015). By implementing gender equality act, human resource managers tend to recruit both male and female employees with equal respect and dignity. Large numbers of female employees are holding higher position in Telus. People belonging to various geographical backgrounds and attitudes get a complete comfortable environment within the workplace of Telus due to their flexibility in managerial system. Implementation of diversity management is one of the most effective steps that made the entire management system Telus complicated. Human resource managers primarily focus on the competency and skill of the employees rather than focusing on their cultural backgrounds. Human resource managers are very much effective in recruiting employees from different geographical as well as religious backgrounds (Hameed, Ramzan Zubair, 2014). As a result, the managers have faced se several issues such as communication barrier, psychological barrier and cultural barrier. Due to language problem employees have to face immense challenges in sharing their thoughts and views effectively. As a result, managers have to face difficulties in delivering the services within proper time. Being unable to meet the deadline employees have to face dissatisfaction from customers feedback. However, employees from diverse cultural backgrounds and attitudes have immense psychological barriers while making an effecti ve collective decision (Oladapo, 2014). Due to cultural barrier employees cannot exchange views and thoughts regarding the success of business. However, as per the initiates taken from human resource managers of Telus, employees from different cultural backgrounds are provided effective training and career development program. With the help of an effective career development program, employees have enhanced their communication skill. As a result, managers do not have to face challenges in interacting with the customers effectively. Management system: Management system of Telus is constituted with several factors including quality system, performance management system, policies and procedure, information system, talent management system, change management system, risk management system and so on. Controlling the performance level of employees has major significance. Telus being one of the most recognizable telecommunication brands of Canada has implemented several compensation strategy and policy based on which employees tend to show their best services. Telus in order to run the business effectively has implement performance pay, quality bonus, rewards and recognition and so on. With the rapid progress of globalization the rage of target customers are increasing day by day. Telus business managers do not intend to implement organization policy without communicating with the employees. As per the opinion of Gerhart and Fang (2014), the success of a business organization is entirely dependent on the performance level of employees. Therefore, implementing health and safety act, anti-discrimination act, gender equity act leaves major significance. Therefore, business managers before making organizational strategy tend to communicate with the employees effectively. After making a collective decision the managers tend to implement the policy within workplace. Compensation plan determines what the Pay Mix should be for each sales role. Pay mix in general point of view is the ratio between base salary and pay of incentives at the stipulated target performances. Common practices that leaves a major impact on compensation mix includes competitive pay analysis, industry practices, compensation philosophy, culture and job dimensions. The primary purpose of making a proper compensation mix is to evaluate basic salary of employees, their benefits and incentives (Van De Voorde Beijer, 2015). Employees would like to give their additional effort only when they would get necessary benefits in the form of increment, incentives or bonus. Telus being one of the most recognizable telecommunication companies of Canada has decided to implement two types of compensation plan including monitory and non-monitory. The business managers intend to provide rewards and recognition to the employees while implementing compensation and benefits. By keeping the basic salary fixed the employees are given equivalent rewards like gift coupons or any kind of material aspects. In addition, in order to appreciate the performance level the employees are given a promotion for holding the higher position (Gerhart Fang, 2014). Telus tends to promote the employees as per their performance level rather than showing their experience. On the other hand, monitory benefits come in the form of increment, incentives and bonus. Recommendations and rewards: However, after evaluating the overall strategies of Telus regarding compensation and benefits some of the recommendations can be provided and the recommendations are as follows. Telus should implement some social rewards and recognition policy in order to grab the attention of employees. It has been observed that along with giving immense facilities and benefits the business experts are maintaining rotational shifts. Employees have to follow this particular shift in order to maintain a work balance (Anitha, 2014). Due to this rotational shift, employees are facing immense health issues. In this kind of situation, the rate of employee turnover in Telus is raised enormously. However, it can be recommended that Telus can follow a particular shift for the employees based on which employees would not face challenges in maintaining this particular shift. It has been observed the human resource managers of Telus within the gradual progress of business industry do not give their employees effective training and development session for enhancing their skills and competency level. In this kind of situation, employees sometimes fail to meet customers needs and demands (Pan, 2015). In order to render good performances the business experts should enhance their budget for training and development purposes. As a result, customers would not have to face challenges in receiving their services properly. Reference List: Alam, N., Rubel, A. K. (2014). Impacts of Corporate Social Responsibility on Customer Anitha, J. (2014). Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance.International journal of productivity and performance management,63(3), 308. Bal, P.M. and De Lange, A.H., 2015. From flexibility human resource management to employee engagement and perceived job performance across the lifespan: A multisample study.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,88(1), pp.126-154. Gatewood, R., Feild, H. S., Barrick, M. (2015). Human resource selection. Nelson Education Gerhart, B., Fang, M. (2014). Pay for (individual) performance: Issues, claims, evidence and the role of sorting effects.Human Resource Management Review,24(1), 41-52. Gupta, N., Shaw, J. D. (2014). Employee compensation: The neglected area of HRM research.Human Resource Management Review,24(1), 1-4. Hameed, A., Ramzan, M., Zubair, H. M. K. (2014). Impact of compensation on employee performance (empirical evidence from banking sector of Pakistan).International Journal of Business and Social Science,5(2). industry using boosting.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,10(2), 1659-1665. Long, C. S., Perumal, P. (2014). EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEES'TURNOVER INTENTION.International Journal of Business and society,15(1), 111. Lu, N., Lin, H., Lu, J., Zhang, G. (2014). A customer churn prediction model in telecom Noe, R. A., Wilk, S. L., Mullen, E. J., Wanek, J. E. (2014). Employee Development: Issues in Construct Definition and Investigation ofAntecedents.Improving Training Effectiveness in WorkOrganizations, ed. JK Ford, SWJ Kozlowski, K. Kraiger, E. Salas, and MS Teachout (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1997), 153-189. Oladapo, V. (2014). The impact of talent management on retention.Journal of business studies quarterly,5(3), 19. Osibanjo, A. O., Adeniji, A. A., Falola, H. O., Heirsmac, P. T. (2014). Compensation packages: a strategic tool for employees' performance and retention. Leonardo Journal of Sciences, (25), 65-84. Pan, F. C. (2015). Practical application of importance-performance analysis in determining critical job satisfaction factors of a tourist hotel.Tourism Management,46, 84-91. Samnani, A. K., Singh, P. (2014). Performance-enhancing compensation practices and employee productivity: The role of workplace bullying.Human Resource Management Review,24(1), 5-16. Satisfaction in Telecom Industry of Bangladesh.ABC Journal Of Advanced Research,3(2), 26-37. Van De Voorde, K., Beijer, S. (2015). The role of employee HR attributions in the relationship between high?performance work systems and employee outcomes.Human Resource Management Journal,25(1), 62-78.

The Life of Pi Essay Example

The Life of Pi Paper The book Life of Pi by Yann Martel is a story about a young Indian boy named Piscine Molitor Patel and his Journey stranded in a lifeboat in the Pacific Ocean with only a tiger, Richard Parker. The Japanese cargo ship carrying his fathers zoo animals, his family, and workers, was traveling from India to Canada, where the Patels hoped to start a new life. Unfortunately, the ship sank from an unknown cause and Pi along with a tiger, orangutan, zebra, and hyena were the only survivors of the wreck. Eventually, Pi and Richard Parker were the last ones remaining. A part in the book hat really stuck out to me was in the beginning of the book where Piscene, known to all as P' (Martel, 22), was in Pondicherry, India with a strong desire to learn about different religions. Although the rest of his family believed they didnt need religion, Pi went his own way and let his curiosity get the best of him. His first religion was Hindu. Later, along with Hinduism, he practiced Christianity. Finally, he added Islam to his list of practicing faiths. I admire his steady devotion for learning about the different religions. Pi would show up as often as he could with a new question urning within him. I want to become more like P, having a strong desire and fascination to learn something new. In my opinion, it is one of the most fascinating quests in life. Practicing three different religions caused a lot of trouble between his family and his different religious leaders, who together all found out he was devout in all three sects. After much arguing between the pastor, imam, and pandit of which church he should Join, saying he must only choose one, Pis mother turned to him and asked what his thoughts were. We will write a custom essay sample on The Life of Pi specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Life of Pi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Life of Pi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Pi responded by saying, Bapu Ghandi said, All religions are true. I Just want to love God (Martel, 69). Whether your desire is to love God or something else, it is important to Just have that desire. Without it, what is the purpose of existing? From this, I was reminded that it is important to learn as much as you can and that it is okay to still be confused about life, for that will only help you to understand it more so long as you have a deep desire to understand, Just like Pl. I loved the way Martel opened my eyes showing me a new and positive perspective on such an abstract subject: the beauty of the relationship between life and death. I have never thought of this relationship as one being beautiful, nor have I ever sympathized with death before happening upon this quote. The reason death sticks so closely to life isnt biological necessity†its envy. Life is so beautiful that death has fallen in love with it, a Jealous, possessive love that grabs at whatever it can. But life leaps over oblivion lightly, losing only a thing or two of no importance, and gloom is but the passing shadow of a cloud (Martel, 6). The way he personifies life and death is truly a delightful image to apprehend. I wish I could sit down with he author and discuss this further over some tea. For the topic of life and death being one of the most fascinating and complex ideas known to mankind, he seems to have a lovely view on it. Martel describing life as being beautiful in a personified way enticed me to think about it in a way I havent before. I realized that yes life is indeed very beautiful; its stunning. Life is a sacred gift given to each of us and though we have the agency to spend it as we choose, I prefer to spend it wisely and with gratitude, not wasting a moment dwelling on anything that would not benefit or make ay Journey, Pi was interviewed in the hospital by two men from the Japanese Ministry of Transport who were hoping to find the cause of the sinking cargo ship. Pi told them the story of his Journey. In his story, he noticed the cargo ship was starting to sink in the midst of a terrible storm. He frantically alerted the crewmembers, which only spoke Chinese. They put a life Jacket on him and tossed him into the lifeboat, where a tiger was hiding under the tarpaulin. Soon after, a zebra Jumped in breaking its leg on the landing followed by a hyena. After the ship had sunk, an rangutan appeared floating on a large bundle of bananas. Because the zebra was helpless, the hyena decided to start eating it. This upset the orangutan, but it couldnt put up with a fght against the vicious, starving hyena. Once the hyena was finished eating what it could of the zebra and orangutan, the Bengal tiger also known as Richard Parker, attacked the hyena, which hopelessly surrendered. The Japanese men didnt believe him. They found it impossible that there could have been a tiger on the lifeboat and that an orangutan floated its way to the lifeboat on a bundle of ananas, saying that bananas dont even float. To test the validity of the story, Pi insisted that they fill the nearby sink with water and a bundle of bananas. To their surprise, the bananas floated. Still, they had plenty of doubts. The Japanese men wanted to bring back a story that was more believable. So, Pi told a different story. Instead of a hyena, it was the cook; his mother took place of the orangutan, and the sailor represented the zebra. He paralleled his original story to the second one, in disturbing, graphic detail. Instead of the hyena killing and eating the zebra and rangutan, it was the cook who killed and ate the sailor and his mother; instead of Richard Parker killing the hyena, it was Pi who killed the cook. The two men decided that they liked the first story more. Pi represented himself as Richard Parker. I am still struggling to figure out what the stories mean, especially the one about the Meerkat Island, where Pi and Richard Parker drifted to an island covered in algae and populated with thousands of meerkats. One night, after a few weeks of making themselves feel at home, Pi noticed something strange as he was getting his bed situated in a tree. As it got dark, all of the meerkats ran towards the forest and up the trees. He started to wonder why they were all frantically running away until he saw many dead fish floating to the top of one of the fresh water ponds. Meanwhile, Richard Parker slept in the lifeboat. It turned out that at night, the ground scorched their feet. In the morning, Pi noticed some fruit wrapped in vines and leaves hanging in only one specific tree and Just a small part of it. He climbed up the tree to pick one of the fruit, but as he unraveled the leaves, he found something else: a human tooth. Puzzled, he checked the rest of them. There were a total of thirty-two rotting human teeth. This caused him to suspect that the island was carnivorous and that an unlucky soul must have found the island but made the mistake of staying too long. Pi took this as his sign to leave the island and continue on his way in the Pacific. Though I dont know the meaning of some of these stories, I do have an idea that the Bengal tiger represents Pis animal instinct. With this in mind, I find it interesting that the only time Pi and Richard Parker were separated was when they were on the island. They were rarely seen together and Richard Parker even slept in the boat off the shore of the island while Pi slept high in a tree. But once he left the island, he and have survived. For example, on the Journey he had to apply it by killing and eating fish, which as a vegetarian he had never thought he would do. Life of Pi challenged me to think in ways I normally wouldnt. It took me out of my happy, blessed world, and instead put me in one life-threatening situation after another. Every time an event would happen in the book, I had to stop for a moment and ponder how I would have reacted or what I would have done in Pis position. Its easy for me to say that I would never hurt a living soul such as a fish even if I were under the influence of starvation, but maybe I would be so desperate that I wouldnt have to think twice. I certainly know I wouldnt be able to last as long as P. I think part of what helped him survive was his task of keeping Richard Parker alive. It gave him a sense of purpose and a reason to continue living. Perhaps it is important that I find my Richard Parker so that I may have a purpose to living a satisfying life. Works Cited Martel, Yann. Life of Pi: A Novel. New York: Harcourt, 2001. Print. The Life of Pi Essay Example The Life of Pi Paper Comment on the writers presentation of loneliness and companionship in the novels The Old Man and the Sea by Hemmingway and The Life of Pi by Martel. In the novels Life of Pi and The Old Man and the Sea, the authors present the protagonists sense of loneliness and contrasting companionship through various themes linked to survival against nature and the elements. A famous quote by Albert Einstein explores survival as, Hunger, love, pain, fear are some of those inner forces which rule the individuals instinct for self preservation. As both novels are significant in that the characters are at struggle with the sea, the authors use comparative themes linked to nautical survival to emphasize a characters determination and will to overcome their personal loneliness in their challenge for survival, with similar emotions linked to the quotation echoed through the texts. The novels are structured differently in contrast to their similar subject matter of survival, with both authors adopting different literary presentations to express their own individual views of the protagonists challenge. The Life of Pi is presented to the reader in varied length chapters, with some chapters only containing several lines compared to longer length chapters which conveys the story as a survival guide, randomly structured to explore Pis frustration at sea. The reader identifies the presentation as a form of diary which Pi has used to express his emotions of his isolation, which through first person narrative explores this on a personal level. In contrast Hemmingway in The Old Man and the Sea presents the novella with no clear structure of chapters, which creates a flowing survival record for the old man. We will write a custom essay sample on The Life of Pi specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Life of Pi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Life of Pi specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The reader identifies Hemmingways technique of adopting realism and simplicity into his novella with the first line He was an old man who fished in a skiff clearly emphasising the sparse description of the protagonist. Martel in contrast uses a frame narrative to begin the novel, placing emphasis on the narrator. Even though the majority of the book is presented in the first person, the narrator can be seen by the reader as an authorial voice, placing the author personally into the structure of the novel to bridge the divide between fact and fiction. The author progresses from the frame narrative to the first section of the novel Toronto and Pondicherry, which through the first line presents the suppressive tone of tragedy as My suffering left me sad and gloomy. The reader immediately identifies Pis experience to have had an effect, with the author presenting Pi in his adult life before moving into his child narrative of his survival. This technique to include different passages of time is used effectively for the reader to relate to the character, to understand his background before and after the tragedy. In comparison The Old Man and the Sea begins with a depressed tone as he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. , which illustrates the Old mans frustration linked with loneliness as In the first forty days the boy had been with him, demonstrating the old mans first compassion for the boy. Compassion for objects of nature is a clear comparison between both Pi and Santiagos attributes, with Pi seen strongly linked to religion as a form of companionship. The reader identifies Pis affliction for nature using extensive description of the sloth, Sleepiness and slothfulness and seeing everything in a Mango-like blur expresses Pis detailed observation using alliteration and metaphor to attract the attention of the reader to the simplicity of the sloth. Pis love for nature is immediately compared with his interest in religion as his religious studies on the cosmogony theory of Isaac Luria is an important motif as this foreshadows the sinking of the Tsimtsum as the theory explains the contraction of the universe. Religion is viewed in this novel as a form of companionship, as Pi finds friendship and kindness in his religious ideologies that play a significant part in his survival. As the reader can identify Pis exclusion from society as a young boy, Pis religious exploration into Hinduism, Christianity and Islam can be seen as stories which spread the teachings of a faith, but to offer comfort in Pis challenge of social acceptability. Pis exclusion is presented with humour, but the reader can sense the empathetic tone as, Its Pissing Patel! The sound would disappear, but the hurt would linger the cruelty of children comes as news to no one unprovoked uncalled for. The author has linked childhood exclusion to enforce religious importance to the character, which is in contrast to The Old Man and the Sea as he is excluded in adult life. Santiago is seen in the first part of the novella to be ostracized from society as many of the fisherman made fun of the old man, but the author expresses the bond between Manolin and Santiago as a companionship, which is expressed through dialogue. Hemmingway has used dialogue between these characters to further portray their emotional bond, revealing their relationship with paternal qualities, The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. Manolin wants to help Santiago to get sardines and to offer him a beer on the Terrace, expressing Manolins devotion to the Old man against his fathers wishes for him to fish on another boat. The reader recognises conflict in that Manolins parents had told him that the old man was now definitely and finally Salao, illustrating the strength of relationship and companionship between both characters. Hemmingway uses Salao to establish the Latin American influence and setting of the novella. This is used repeatedly throughout the novel to furthermore establish the culture from which this fishing tale is set. In contrast Pi can be seen to have a strong relationship with his father, with clear admiration in that his father is a zoo keeper, linking his affliction for animals and nature. The zoo is a symbol of freedom for Pi, a place in which his problems could be forgotten as the author uses language to create a place of tranquility, with the reader identifying Pis personal relationship with the animals as he, left for school under the benevolent gaze not only of his mother but also of bright -eyed otters and burly American bison and stretching and yawning orang-utans. This conveys a level of friendship with nature, as personification is used to create a sense of youthful observation which echoes Pis relationship with Richard Parker. Furthermore Martel makes use of vivid imagery to elaborately place the animals importance for Pi silver diamond doves, Cape glossy starlings, peach-faced lovebirds. The use of alliteration shows Pis deep observation, seeking acceptance from nature. Hemmingway presents the theme of nature in comparison to Martel, which is used to comfort the characters in their seclusion as their need for companionship places significant importance on the animals. Santiagos first observation of nature is when the reader identifies the characters dream of Africa, a sign of the old mans child hood which is used three times in the novel to signify peace with nature, the long, golden beaches and the white beaches, so white they hurt your eyes he smelled the tar and oakum of the deck The author has used colour and sense of smell to depict the scene, offering a sense of regeneration which is used to create a cycle of nature comparing dreams of youth with old age, which leaves the realism and negatives of survival and his isolation with tranquility. In the same way Martel uses the Zoo as a symbol for freedom from his isolation, but the structure of the novel in its three parts echoes the three stages of life in Birth, Life and Death. The first section explores Pis youthful exploration of nature and religion emphatically illustrated as A germ of religious exaltation, no bigger than a mustard seed, with continuation through maturation with Richard Parker to the realisation of his families death at the end of the novel. Anthropomorphism is a theme which can be seen in both texts, as the author uses this form of personification to create a clearer relationship between man and animal, with Martel using Richard Parker as the predominant animal in Pis survival, with the Old mans relationship with the Marlin. The striking use of a human name to represent the tiger is appealing to the reader as the author presented the character at the start of the novel as Pi reminisces Dare I say I miss him?. I do miss him. I still see him in my dreams. The writer uses short sentences to provide an empathetic response from the reader, the reader wants to know who Richard Parker is as he is seen to be an important character in Pis life. The use of this animal links Pis relationship to his mother, father and his brother, as the tiger is a symbol of family life which he harnesses to resolve his loneliness. Pis expression of love for Richard Parker is seen in Pis desperation for him to survive, What are you doing, Richard Parker? Dont you love life Through the use of rhetorical questioning the reader can identify Pi finds comfort in communicating with the animals, with Orange Juice presenting the maternal figure linking his own mother in his thoughts. In comparison Hemmingway uses personification to explore the Old mans affection for the sea and nature, with the author presenting the Old mans love for the sea as la mar. It is explained that la mar describes the sea as a feminine object, which links the Santiagos loneliness from losing his wife with his affection for the sea. At the start of the text the characters emotional pain is represented as Once there had been a tinted photograph of his wife he had taken it down because it made him too lonely. Hemmingways simplicity in style immediately explores the characters loneliness, with the boy and nature seen as objects which Santiago can confide in to forget his isolation. As in similarity with Pi, Santiago shares a relationship with the marlin which shows clear indication of compassion but at the same time hatred for the fish as Fish Ill stay with you until I am dead.. I have never seen or heard of such a fish. But I must kill him.. These quotations explore Santiagos changing view of the marlin placing his life before the fish in one view but on the other hand realising that killing the fish is what he must do. This can be compared with .. Together? Well be together? Have I gone mad?.. from Life of Pi which in the same way explores the realisation of what is needed to survive against a characters need for companionship, with both characters deciding what is the most important attribute, survival or companionship. Survival as explained in the introduction quotation is an individuals instinct for self preservation, which can be split into several categories. The Old Man and the sea clearly presents the theme of determination, a theme which links the relationship between himself and the boy. Santiago views his challenge for survival with the Marlin as something which he must prove to the boy I told the boy I was a strange old man Now is when I must prove it. This represents to the reader that Santiago views his survival as a personal challenge, linked with the boys fascination with the Old mans skill at fishing And the best fisherman is you There is no such fish if you are still strong as you say. These quotes clearly illustrate the boys admiration for the old man, with the old man realising his compassion for the boy as I wish I had the boy repeated through the novella places the boy in high regard.

Definition of Japanese Hontou, or Really

Definition of Japanese Hontou, or Really Those of us for whom English is our first language might not realize how much we use the word really in everyday conversations. Often, someone will tell us a startling fact or make a somewhat surprising statement and the natural response is, Really? There are many ways to say the word really for speakers of Japanese. One of the most common ways is  hontou. Writing and Saying Hontou Japanese Characters: æÅ" ¬Ã¥ ½â€œÃ£â‚¬â€š (㠁 »Ã£â€šâ€œÃ£  ¨Ã£ â€ Ã£â‚¬â€š)Pronunciation of Hontou. Other Ways to Say Really? hontou ni: Really, however, there is a stronger emphasis on the ni so it tends to be a stronger version of the word in verbal and written form. Examples of really in a Japanese formal conversation are: Hontou ni hajimete desu ka? (Is it really your first time?); Hontou ni yoku nite iru! (She’s really like you!); Hontou ni sono saabisu wa tadadesuka? (So is your service really free?).hontou desu ka: Are you sure? can be used in  place of hontou in formal situations.  Hontou desu ka allows you to express more doubt when saying really? in Japanese.sou desu ka: Is that so? or Are you sure?hontoudesu: It is true, or It is a fact.honki: Really. Hon means true, and ki means spirit or state of being. Example: Honki desu ka? (Are you serious?) Resources and Further Reading â€Å"Hontou?† Nihongo De Care-Navi, Japan Foundation Japanese-Language Institute, 2019.â€Å"Question to Teacher: HONTOU versus HONTOUNI.† Japanese From Zero, Yes Japan, 17 July 2009.

Anthopologist Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Anthopologist - Term Paper Example Migration is the movement of people from one country to another for causes that are either for greener pasture or opportunities; desire to enjoy democratic freedom from conflict situations or for education, retirement or pleasure for new climate; and for a taste of better political hegemony. In United States, the pattern of migration developed anent with geopolitical expansion of United States of America in other major regions of the world. This is reflected to the kind of nationals US have these days who came from different poles of the world with distinct cultural structures, historical roots, political affiliations, economic characters and social contexts. A typology of immigrants showed that they came from Europe, Asia, Latin America and other areas of the world. They all leave their families, properties and the culture which molded them to wander into larger communities that require major adjustments in lifestyles despite uncertainties, of new laws, norms and social structures t hat could either assimilate them or marginalize them. Immigration therefore poses a challenge on how social relationship and interactions are accommodated in the mainstream of American society with comforting sense of belongingness. Many stories depict sad and great tales about issues on racial and identity that may relate to white’s colonial expansion and economic exploitation or to racial discrimination of African blacks which took a Hegelian success toward tribal unification and struggle for independence. This proved that migrants passed historic prejudicial processes which segregated them from the white in an ideation that their skin and identities are stamped with inferiority. This prejudice is a position made by dominant race with an imposing feeling and thought of disliking another person due too their native social characters. If such is actually manifested in behaviors by disqualifying or mistreating other people on the basis of membership, this becomes discriminatio n. The latter evolves into an institutional discrimination if prejudice and marginalization are done systematically as a state policy. A classic example of this case is the ironclad separation of black and white due to Apartheid policy—a law that socially segregate people by custom and laws and from black and white. This created problems on integration, organizational affiliation, access to the use of social facilities, and therefor cause disparities, inequalities or inequities in economy, politics or decision-makings, stature of very lives, distrust in social relations and, ergo, causing ethnocentrism and interracial conflicts in various forms. The situation inspired on US administrators to dialogue about migration, race and ethnicity in search for common ground and to recognize common values such as freedom, rights, fairness, security and justice in response to growing demands of immigrants for the state to look seriously into. The series of national dialogues also situate perspectives whether race is a significant issue in America and about the deep impact of ethnicity in the process of integrating and mainstreaming new people into American fold. Such meant a discursive discussion about accessing and providing equal opportunity and equal protection, education, jobs, health care and in availing for justice under the law. It also motivated America to enhance their understanding of migrant’s history by highlighting in dialogues the experiences of Natives, Afro-Americans, Latinos,

RF Energy Harvesting - Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

RF Energy Harvesting - - Literature review Example Energy harvesting allows for recycling and harvesting of wasted ambient electromagnetic energy to cater for the energy requirements of devices suing wireless technology such as wireless personal area networks (WPANs), wireless local networks (WLANs) and Cellular networks. In RF energy harvesting, electrical power is transmitted from one location to another without the application of an artificial conductor. As such, there is a significant requirement for rectennas to be present in the circuit as they important in the harvesting of ambient RF power. The rectennas should be preconditioned for efficient energy harvesting by ensuring good performance at low incident power density, relative high rectification efficiency at wide bandwidth and arbitrary polarization. The advantage of harvesting energy using rectennas is in its ability to generate unlimited energy due to it unlimited lifetime without the need of replacement as in batteries. Furthermore, the energy generated is green and ther efore suitable or energy sustainability (Suh & Chang, 2002). The term rectenna refers to a rectifying antenna that serves to combine the functions of high efficient rectifier circuits and an antennae at microwave power transmission systems. Rectennas were developed with the aim of completing the wireless power transmission system. The purpose of the rectennas is to convert electromagnetic wave into DC power after being received. Rectennas can exists in the their simplest form where they consist of multiple receiving antennae elements that enter a low pass filter circuits that is usually terminated at certain rectifying diodes. In RF energy harvesting, a rectenna is used due to its desirable characteristics; the efficiency of energy harvesting resulting from conversion of microwave power to DC power can reach 85% and they can be designed to cater for different desirable frequencies capable of harvesting RF power that is easy to design and economical

RF Energy Harvesting - Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

RF Energy Harvesting - - Literature review Example Energy harvesting allows for recycling and harvesting of wasted ambient electromagnetic energy to cater for the energy requirements of devices suing wireless technology such as wireless personal area networks (WPANs), wireless local networks (WLANs) and Cellular networks. In RF energy harvesting, electrical power is transmitted from one location to another without the application of an artificial conductor. As such, there is a significant requirement for rectennas to be present in the circuit as they important in the harvesting of ambient RF power. The rectennas should be preconditioned for efficient energy harvesting by ensuring good performance at low incident power density, relative high rectification efficiency at wide bandwidth and arbitrary polarization. The advantage of harvesting energy using rectennas is in its ability to generate unlimited energy due to it unlimited lifetime without the need of replacement as in batteries. Furthermore, the energy generated is green and ther efore suitable or energy sustainability (Suh & Chang, 2002). The term rectenna refers to a rectifying antenna that serves to combine the functions of high efficient rectifier circuits and an antennae at microwave power transmission systems. Rectennas were developed with the aim of completing the wireless power transmission system. The purpose of the rectennas is to convert electromagnetic wave into DC power after being received. Rectennas can exists in the their simplest form where they consist of multiple receiving antennae elements that enter a low pass filter circuits that is usually terminated at certain rectifying diodes. In RF energy harvesting, a rectenna is used due to its desirable characteristics; the efficiency of energy harvesting resulting from conversion of microwave power to DC power can reach 85% and they can be designed to cater for different desirable frequencies capable of harvesting RF power that is easy to design and economical

RF Energy Harvesting - Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

RF Energy Harvesting - - Literature review Example Energy harvesting allows for recycling and harvesting of wasted ambient electromagnetic energy to cater for the energy requirements of devices suing wireless technology such as wireless personal area networks (WPANs), wireless local networks (WLANs) and Cellular networks. In RF energy harvesting, electrical power is transmitted from one location to another without the application of an artificial conductor. As such, there is a significant requirement for rectennas to be present in the circuit as they important in the harvesting of ambient RF power. The rectennas should be preconditioned for efficient energy harvesting by ensuring good performance at low incident power density, relative high rectification efficiency at wide bandwidth and arbitrary polarization. The advantage of harvesting energy using rectennas is in its ability to generate unlimited energy due to it unlimited lifetime without the need of replacement as in batteries. Furthermore, the energy generated is green and ther efore suitable or energy sustainability (Suh & Chang, 2002). The term rectenna refers to a rectifying antenna that serves to combine the functions of high efficient rectifier circuits and an antennae at microwave power transmission systems. Rectennas were developed with the aim of completing the wireless power transmission system. The purpose of the rectennas is to convert electromagnetic wave into DC power after being received. Rectennas can exists in the their simplest form where they consist of multiple receiving antennae elements that enter a low pass filter circuits that is usually terminated at certain rectifying diodes. In RF energy harvesting, a rectenna is used due to its desirable characteristics; the efficiency of energy harvesting resulting from conversion of microwave power to DC power can reach 85% and they can be designed to cater for different desirable frequencies capable of harvesting RF power that is easy to design and economical